SDN World 3 Ship Design Thread

[RogueIce]

Explain the bulges to me. If I have a beam of 106ft and make bulges of, say, 110ft, that just means my new overall beam is 110ft, right? I didn't just add an extra 110ft to my already 106ft beam? I'm assuming this just means I added another 4ft to beam, but I thought I'd ask.

[Thanas]

Explain the bulges to me. If I have a beam of 106ft and make bulges of, say, 110ft, that just means my new overall beam is 110ft, right? I didn't just add an extra 110ft to my already 106ft beam? I'm assuming this just means I added another 4ft to beam, but I thought I'd ask.

No, this is how it works: link. German ships do not have those kind of bulges before. It is not widening the beam of the ship, it is attaching things to the hull that are not part of the main hull themselves. I'll note that 2-3m per bulge seems to be the standard RN thing, so I would be merely doing the same thing the RN did.

Actually, that would work double great for me because torpedoes now have to defeat bulges and the strengthened bulkheads, which means that if everything works right one would have to hit my ships with two torpedoes in the same place to do damage. So please, may I go the bulge route?

[RogueIce]

Explain the bulges to me. If I have a beam of 106ft and make bulges of, say, 110ft, that just means my new overall beam is 110ft, right? I didn't just add an extra 110ft to my already 106ft beam? I'm assuming this just means I added another 4ft to beam, but I thought I'd ask.

No, this is how it works: link. German ships do not have those kind of bulges before. It is not widening the beam of the ship, it is attaching things to the hull that are not part of the main hull themselves. I'll note that 2-3m per bulge seems to be the standard RN thing, so I would be merely doing the same thing the RN did.

Is that the bulges in the Hull or Armor tabs? I'm guessing Armor but I'd like to be sure.

Actually, that would work double great for me because torpedoes now have to defeat bulges and the strengthened bulkheads, which means that if everything works right one would have to hit my ships with two torpedoes in the same place to do damage. So please, may I go the bulge route?

I'd have to discuss it with Steve first in any case. I'm just trying to understand the mechanics of it right now.

EDIT: While I'm at it, if you are talking about the bulges in the Armor tab, as I suspect you are, than what are the bulges in the Hull tab for?

[Thanas]

Explain the bulges to me. If I have a beam of 106ft and make bulges of, say, 110ft, that just means my new overall beam is 110ft, right? I didn't just add an extra 110ft to my already 106ft beam? I'm assuming this just means I added another 4ft to beam, but I thought I'd ask.

No, this is how it works: link. German ships do not have those kind of bulges before. It is not widening the beam of the ship, it is attaching things to the hull that are not part of the main hull themselves. I'll note that 2-3m per bulge seems to be the standard RN thing, so I would be merely doing the same thing the RN did.

Is that the bulges in the Hull or Armor tabs? I'm guessing Armor but I'd like to be sure.

No, hull.

EDIT: While I'm at it, if you are talking about the bulges in the Armor tab, as I suspect you are, than what are the bulges in the Hull tab for?

To actually make the bulges appear in the first place? You enter the bulge width in the armor section, then you add armor to said section (if you want to) in the armor tab. Basically, the bulge section in the armor tabs is if you want to armor the bulges for additional protection.

[RogueIce]

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(776.00 ft / 740.00 ft) x 106.00 ft (Bulges 118.00 ft) x (33.00 / 35.01 ft)
(236.52 m / 225.55 m) x 32.31 m (Bulges 35.97 m) x (10.06 / 10.67 m)

OK, so this means with the bulge mu width is 118ft. So if I subtract from 106 I get 12, and divide by 2 means I added 6ft bulges to either side?

Do I have to go do anything in the armor tab or is that optional? Never done bulges before and the 2.1 help file wasn't very clear (bulges aren't even in 2.1's armor tab).

[Thanas]

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(776.00 ft / 740.00 ft) x 106.00 ft (Bulges 118.00 ft) x (33.00 / 35.01 ft)
(236.52 m / 225.55 m) x 32.31 m (Bulges 35.97 m) x (10.06 / 10.67 m)

OK, so this means with the bulge mu width is 118ft. So if I subtract from 106 I get 12, and divide by 2 means I added 6ft bulges to either side?

Yes.

Do I have to go do anything in the armor tab or is that optional? Never done bulges before and the 2.1 help file wasn't very clear (bulges aren't even in 2.1's armor tab).

You can leave the bulges unarmored if you want to.

[RogueIce]

Semi-related question: is altering the trim during a refit a big deal? I'm assuming yes but I'm curious. Assuming one is adding bulges already anyway.

[Thanas]

Semi-related question: is altering the trim during a refit a big deal? I'm assuming yes but I'm curious. Assuming one is adding bulges already anyway.

I do not know. Generally speaking, it should not be, as one might simply add ballast.

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

Spring Sharp is pretty damn vague with bulges and how they are used. Whether they are filled up with crap or something, or whether they are multi-layered, no idea.

One thing for certain is no future Byzantine warship will have bulges. Strictly a more modern TDS.

[Steve]

Thanas' C option is preferred, because SpringSharp is just utterly retarded about it. There's no god damn way that a 2,700 pound shell is so much heavier that just 12 of them can overload a ship that normally carries a hundred times that amount in 2,100 pound shells. It just doesn't work.

Just do the math. Multiply the weight of original shell by the magazine limit (I shouldn't have to tell you how to determine how many shells overall are on your ship, if someone makes me there will be a Modnir-utilizing beating in their future) and then divide the result by the new shell weight for your superheavies. Round the result down to the nearest multiple of 5 and voila, you have your new magazine figures (divide by number of guns to determine how many shots it gives each gun).

Also, uh, do the math after generating the file. Don't even bother with bulge or block coefficient bullcrap.

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

The trouble is that firing a heavier shell implies a heavier charge etc. etc. etc. And also, your recoil systems must accomodate as such.

[Thanas]

^True, but at least in the German case the ships were already built with enough excess recoil.

Anyway, to strike a compromise, here are the refitted ships, this time with bulges:

Österreich, Germany Schlachtschiff laid down 1920

Displacement:
41,754 t light; 44,261 t standard; 45,905 t normal; 47,220 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(764.87 ft / 721.78 ft) x 118.11 ft (Bulges 131.23 ft) x (36.09 / 36.92 ft)
(233.13 m / 220.00 m) x 36.00 m (Bulges 40.00 m) x (11.00 / 11.25 m)

Armament:
10 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,866.01lbs / 1,300.00kg shells, 70 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
2 x Quad mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
1 x Twin mount on centreline, forward deck aft
1 raised mount
12 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1920 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
8 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 39.0 cal guns - 1.86lbs / 0.84kg shells, 350 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1920 Model
8 x Single mounts on sides amidships
24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 1,500 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1920 Model
12 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
24 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 22.0 cal guns - 0.22lbs / 0.10kg shells, 5,000 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1920 Model
6 x Quad mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 29,440 lbs / 13,354 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 322.00 ft / 98.15 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 69 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.70" / 69 mm 322.00 ft / 98.15 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

- Hull Bulges:
1.00" / 25 mm 322.00 ft / 98.15 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 26.0" / 660 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 18.0" / 457 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
5th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armoured deck - single deck: 7.00" / 178 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 1.50" / 38 mm Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 49,816 shp / 37,163 Kw = 22.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,959 tons

Complement:
1,567 - 2,038

Cost:
£9.167 million / $36.669 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 3,794 tons, 8.3 %
Armour: 16,808 tons, 36.6 %
- Belts: 4,437 tons, 9.7 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 804 tons, 1.8 %
- Bulges: 298 tons, 0.6 %
- Armament: 4,634 tons, 10.1 %
- Armour Deck: 6,413 tons, 14.0 %
- Conning Tower: 221 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,742 tons, 3.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 19,336 tons, 42.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,151 tons, 9.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 0.2 %
- Above deck: 75 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
80,672 lbs / 36,592 Kg = 35.9 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 15.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.29
Metacentric height 10.1 ft / 3.1 m
Roll period: 17.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.48
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.51

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.470 / 0.473
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.50 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.87 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 39 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 40.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 16.00 %, 27.89 ft / 8.50 m, 21.65 ft / 6.60 m
- Forward deck: 34.00 %, 21.65 ft / 6.60 m, 21.65 ft / 6.60 m
- Aft deck: 37.00 %, 21.65 ft / 6.60 m, 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Quarter deck: 13.00 %, 21.33 ft / 6.50 m, 21.33 ft / 6.50 m
- Average freeboard: 21.95 ft / 6.69 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 67.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 145.0 %
Waterplane Area: 55,303 Square feet or 5,138 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 112 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 262 lbs/sq ft or 1,278 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.97
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

75 kt for three aircraft carried

Ziethen, Germany Schlachtkreuzer laid down 1922

Displacement:
52,521 t light; 55,101 t standard; 59,752 t normal; 63,472 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(899.68 ft / 853.02 ft) x 124.67 ft (Bulges 137.80 ft) x (36.09 / 37.87 ft)
(274.22 m / 260.00 m) x 38.00 m (Bulges 42.00 m) x (11.00 / 11.54 m)

Armament:
9 - 16.00" / 406 mm 50.0 cal guns - 2,700.00lbs / 1,224.70kg shells, 70 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1922 Model
3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
12 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1922 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
8 - 4.00" / 102 mm 39.0 cal guns - 30.52lbs / 13.84kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1922 Model
8 x Single mounts on sides amidships
24 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 300 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1922 Model
12 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
48 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 22.0 cal guns - 0.22lbs / 0.10kg shells, 5,000 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1922 Model
8 x 2 row sextuple mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 25,314 lbs / 11,482 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 405.00 ft / 123.44 m 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 73 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
3.00" / 76 mm 405.00 ft / 123.44 m 30.00 ft / 9.14 m

- Hull Bulges:
2.00" / 51 mm 405.00 ft / 123.44 m 20.00 ft / 6.10 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 26.0" / 660 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 18.0" / 457 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
5th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armoured deck - single deck: 7.00" / 178 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 2.00" / 51 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 154,899 shp / 115,555 Kw = 30.00 kts
Range 10,000nm at 15.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 8,371 tons

Complement:
1,910 - 2,484

Cost:
£12.753 million / $51.011 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 3,737 tons, 6.3 %
Armour: 20,173 tons, 33.8 %
- Belts: 4,802 tons, 8.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,349 tons, 2.3 %
- Bulges: 599 tons, 1.0 %
- Armament: 4,579 tons, 7.7 %
- Armour Deck: 8,581 tons, 14.4 %
- Conning Tower: 263 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 5,254 tons, 8.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 23,281 tons, 39.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,230 tons, 12.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 0.1 %
- Above deck: 75 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
99,747 lbs / 45,245 Kg = 48.7 x 16.0 " / 406 mm shells or 18.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.25
Metacentric height 10.5 ft / 3.2 m
Roll period: 17.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.38
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.20

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.493 / 0.499
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.19 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 34.79 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 59
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 40.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 16.00 %, 32.15 ft / 9.80 m, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m
- Forward deck: 34.00 %, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m
- Aft deck: 37.00 %, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m, 23.29 ft / 7.10 m
- Quarter deck: 13.00 %, 23.29 ft / 7.10 m, 23.62 ft / 7.20 m
- Average freeboard: 24.09 ft / 7.34 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 72.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 171.8 %
Waterplane Area: 73,208 Square feet or 6,801 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 118 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 245 lbs/sq ft or 1,194 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.43
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

75kt for three aircraft carried

Einheit,Klasse, Germany Schlachtschiff laid down 1923

Displacement:
51,319 t light; 54,771 t standard; 58,265 t normal; 61,060 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(768.17 ft / 721.78 ft) x 118.11 ft (Bulges 134.51 ft) x (36.09 / 37.68 ft)
(234.14 m / 220.00 m) x 36.00 m (Bulges 41.00 m) x (11.00 / 11.49 m)

Armament:
14 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,866.01lbs / 1,300.00kg shells, 70 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 x Quad mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
20 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1923 Model
10 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm 39.0 cal guns - 30.52lbs / 13.84kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1923 Model
12 x Single mounts on sides amidships
36 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 800 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1923 Model
18 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
48 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 0.25lbs / 0.11kg shells, 5,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1923 Model
8 x 2 row sextuple mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 41,760 lbs / 18,942 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 345.00 ft / 105.16 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 74 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.70" / 69 mm 345.00 ft / 105.16 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

- Hull Bulges:
2.00" / 51 mm 345.00 ft / 105.16 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 26.0" / 660 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 18.0" / 457 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
5th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armoured deck - single deck: 7.00" / 178 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 1.50" / 38 mm Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 60,049 shp / 44,796 Kw = 22.00 kts
Range 10,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 6,289 tons

Complement:
1,874 - 2,437

Cost:
£15.025 million / $60.098 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 5,441 tons, 9.3 %
Armour: 20,520 tons, 35.2 %
- Belts: 4,713 tons, 8.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 862 tons, 1.5 %
- Bulges: 638 tons, 1.1 %
- Armament: 6,952 tons, 11.9 %
- Armour Deck: 7,096 tons, 12.2 %
- Conning Tower: 259 tons, 0.4 %
Machinery: 2,007 tons, 3.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 23,276 tons, 39.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,946 tons, 11.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 0.1 %
- Above deck: 75 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
90,398 lbs / 41,004 Kg = 40.2 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 16.0 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 9.2 ft / 2.8 m
Roll period: 18.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.72
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.51

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.582 / 0.584
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.37 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.87 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 40.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 16.00 %, 31.82 ft / 9.70 m, 23.29 ft / 7.10 m
- Forward deck: 34.00 %, 23.29 ft / 7.10 m, 23.29 ft / 7.10 m
- Aft deck: 37.00 %, 23.29 ft / 7.10 m, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Quarter deck: 13.00 %, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Average freeboard: 23.74 ft / 7.23 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 72.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 144.6 %
Waterplane Area: 61,309 Square feet or 5,696 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 108 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 286 lbs/sq ft or 1,395 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.85
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

75t for 3 aircraft carried

L20alpha Klasse, Germany Schlachtschiff laid down 1920

Displacement:
46,522 t light; 49,549 t standard; 51,325 t normal; 52,745 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(764.87 ft / 721.78 ft) x 118.11 ft (Bulges 132.87 ft) x (36.09 / 36.95 ft)
(233.13 m / 220.00 m) x 36.00 m (Bulges 40.50 m) x (11.00 / 11.26 m)

Armament:
12 - 16.50" / 419 mm 45.0 cal guns - 2,866.01lbs / 1,300.00kg shells, 70 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 x Quad mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
20 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1920 Model
10 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm 39.0 cal guns - 30.52lbs / 13.84kg shells, 250 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1920 Model
12 x Single mounts on sides amidships
36 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 800 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1920 Model
18 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
48 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 0.25lbs / 0.11kg shells, 5,000 per gun
Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1920 Model
8 x 2 row sextuple mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 36,028 lbs / 16,342 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 340.00 ft / 103.63 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 72 % of normal length

- Torpedo Bulkhead:
2.70" / 69 mm 340.00 ft / 103.63 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

- Hull Bulges:
2.00" / 51 mm 340.00 ft / 103.63 m 25.00 ft / 7.62 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 26.0" / 660 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 18.0" / 457 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
3rd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
4th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
5th: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armoured deck - single deck: 6.00" / 152 mm For and Aft decks
Forecastle: 1.50" / 38 mm Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Geared drive, 4 shafts, 54,273 shp / 40,487 Kw = 22.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 3,197 tons

Complement:
1,704 - 2,216

Cost:
£10.777 million / $43.106 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 4,715 tons, 9.2 %
Armour: 18,505 tons, 36.1 %
- Belts: 4,633 tons, 9.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 849 tons, 1.7 %
- Bulges: 629 tons, 1.2 %
- Armament: 6,381 tons, 12.4 %
- Armour Deck: 5,775 tons, 11.3 %
- Conning Tower: 238 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 1,898 tons, 3.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 21,330 tons, 41.6 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,803 tons, 9.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 0.1 %
- Above deck: 75 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
81,851 lbs / 37,127 Kg = 36.4 x 16.5 " / 419 mm shells or 14.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 9.2 ft / 2.8 m
Roll period: 18.4 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.64
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.50

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.519 / 0.521
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.43 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 26.87 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 41 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 40.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 16.00 %, 27.89 ft / 8.50 m, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Forward deck: 34.00 %, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Aft deck: 37.00 %, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Quarter deck: 13.00 %, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m, 22.97 ft / 7.00 m
- Average freeboard: 23.28 ft / 7.10 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 72.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 148.4 %
Waterplane Area: 57,800 Square feet or 5,370 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 276 lbs/sq ft or 1,349 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 1.91
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

75 kt for three aircraft carried

So that is that. Note: armor storage according to calculations changed from 90 to 68.8 which I then upped to 70.

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

The final version of the new Heraclius Class Battleships.

Heraclius, Byzantine Empire Battleship laid down 1927

Displacement:
60,784 t light; 64,938 t standard; 68,871 t normal; 72,018 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(764.44 ft / 748.03 ft) x 131.23 ft x (37.89 / 39.32 ft)
(233.00 m / 228.00 m) x 40.00 m x (11.55 / 11.99 m)

Armament:
12 - 18.00" / 457 mm 45.0 cal guns - 3,900.00lbs / 1,769.01kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
3 x 4-gun mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
20 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 500 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1927 Model
10 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
40 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 56.0 cal guns - 2.12lbs / 0.96kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
10 x Quad mounts on side ends, majority aft
4 raised mounts - superfiring
40 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 70.0 cal guns - 0.26lbs / 0.12kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
10 x Quad mounts on side ends, majority aft
16 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm 12.0 cal guns - 0.04lbs / 0.02kg shells, 4,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
16 x 4-gun mounts on centreline, aft deck forward
Weight of broadside 48,082 lbs / 21,810 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 424.00 ft / 129.24 m 16.50 ft / 5.03 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 87 % of normal length
Main Belt inclined 19.00 degrees (positive = in)

- Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
4.00" / 102 mm 424.00 ft / 129.24 m 40.00 ft / 12.19 m
Beam between torpedo bulkheads 91.00 ft / 27.74 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 26.0" / 660 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 19.0" / 483 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
3rd: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
4th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
5th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -

- Armoured deck - multiple decks:
For and Aft decks: 8.00" / 203 mm
Forecastle: 3.50" / 89 mm Quarter deck: 5.00" / 127 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 16.00" / 406 mm, Aft 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 87,100 shp / 64,976 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 10,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 7,080 tons

Complement:
2,125 - 2,763

Cost:
£21.471 million / $85.885 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 6,882 tons, 10.0 %
- Guns: 6,882 tons, 10.0 %
Armour: 25,321 tons, 36.8 %
- Belts: 5,212 tons, 7.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,510 tons, 3.6 %
- Armament: 6,244 tons, 9.1 %
- Armour Deck: 10,486 tons, 15.2 %
- Conning Towers: 869 tons, 1.3 %
Machinery: 2,749 tons, 4.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 25,702 tons, 37.3 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8,088 tons, 11.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 130 tons, 0.2 %
- Hull above water: 30 tons
- On freeboard deck: 100 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
103,850 lbs / 47,106 Kg = 35.6 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 21.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15
Metacentric height 9.8 ft / 3.0 m
Roll period: 17.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.79
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.26

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.648 / 0.653
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.70 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 29.87 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 56
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 25.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 32.81 ft / 10.00 m, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m, 20.67 ft / 6.30 m
- Average freeboard: 21.64 ft / 6.60 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 85.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 141.4 %
Waterplane Area: 77,011 Square feet or 7,155 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 289 lbs/sq ft or 1,411 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.66
- Overall: 1.00
Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
Excellent accommodation and workspace room
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Ma Deuce]

Just do the math. Multiply the weight of original shell by the magazine limit (I shouldn't have to tell you how to determine how many shells overall are on your ship, if someone makes me there will be a Modnir-utilizing beating in their future) and then divide the result by the new shell weight for your superheavies. Round the result down to the nearest multiple of 5 and voila, you have your new magazine figures (divide by number of guns to determine how many shots it gives each gun).

Sorry, but equipping ships with superheavy shells isn't just an issue of the weight of the shells sitting in the magazine. For instance, the hoists, scuttles, rammers and other ammo handling gear may have to be not only capable of taking the increased weight of the shell, they also have to handle the increased length, no small issues inside the already cramped confines of a naval turret. These are far from the only concerns either. You may have noticed that the USN during WWII did not upgrade any of it's older ships to fire superheavy shells, even though some of those vessels went through extensive refits. AFAIK, all US ships using superheavy shells were new builds that were intended from the start to use them.

Madagascar may be among the countries who will soon field superheavy shells, but I never had any intention of retrofitting my older ships with them, because in reality it probably would not be practical.

[Steve]

You completely missed the point of the ruling though, which is frankly that it's utterly ludicrous that even with those things considered, 12 2,700 pound shells ruin the structural integrity of a ship that carries a hundred times that in 2,200 pound shells.

I'm not disputing that it should require months of rebuilding and such, I'm just remarking on SpringSharp's weirdness.

[Sea Skimmer]

You completely missed the point of the ruling though, which is frankly that it's utterly ludicrous that even with those things considered, 12 2,700 pound shells ruin the structural integrity of a ship that carries a hundred times that in 2,200 pound shells.

I'm not disputing that it should require months of rebuilding and such, I'm just remarking on SpringSharp's weirdness.

It isn’t weird. Springsharp links shell weight to gun weight. That means if you change shell weight after you finished a design, adjusting it will make the program think you installed larger guns, not that you are merely firing a heavier shell at reduced muzzle velocity. Springsharp things the gun has to be big enough to handle that round at a full charge. This inflates weight very quickly because of the larger turrets required.

It’s no surprise that will break designs out of hand. You can’t do it that way. In reality if a ship will fit superheavy shells at all, it can probably fit the exact same number as a regular rounds. Either you have space for a longer shell, or you don’t. Shells would be stored vertically in most cases so overhead space was not an issue because the men had to have headroom. But the hoists are no larger then they had to be, and that’s a crunch not easily changed. The loading tray in the turret may also lack sufficient length, which is usually going to be impossible to alter without rebuilding the entire turret. This work would be very extensive and time consuming.

[Thanas]

^Indeed. In fact, my rebuilds work under the assumption the whole turrets are switched out and replaced with new ones.

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

I'm curious, what would this make for a carrier?

Colosseum, Byzantium Cruiser laid down 1928

Displacement:
35,838 t light; 36,991 t standard; 42,883 t normal; 47,596 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(914.10 ft / 885.83 ft) x 98.43 ft x (36.09 / 38.92 ft)
(278.62 m / 270.00 m) x 30.00 m x (11.00 / 11.86 m)

Armament:
12 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 500 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1928 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
32 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 2.14lbs / 0.97kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1928 Model
8 x 4-gun mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
40 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 39.0 cal guns - 0.23lbs / 0.11kg shells, 4,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1928 Model
10 x 4-gun mounts on sides, evenly spread
16 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm 12.0 cal guns - 0.05lbs / 0.02kg shells, 3,000 per gun
Machine guns in deck mounts, 1928 Model
16 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 791 lbs / 359 kg
Main Torpedoes
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m torpedoes - 1.918 t each, 11.510 t total
In 12 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
2nd Torpedoes
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m torpedoes - 1.918 t each, 11.510 t total
In 12 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Mines
6 - 1,000.00 lbs / 453.59 kg mines + 12 reloads - 8.036 t total
in Above water - Stern racks/rails

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 500.00 ft / 152.40 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 87 % of normal length
Main Belt inclined 19.00 degrees (positive = in)

- Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
4.00" / 102 mm 510.00 ft / 155.45 m 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
Beam between torpedo bulkheads 68.00 ft / 20.73 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
3rd: 0.50" / 13 mm 0.50" / 13 mm -
4th: 0.50" / 13 mm 0.50" / 13 mm -
5th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -

- Armoured deck - multiple decks:
For and Aft decks: 1.00" / 25 mm
Forecastle: 1.00" / 25 mm Quarter deck: 1.00" / 25 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 6.00" / 152 mm, Aft 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 187,672 shp / 140,003 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 16,000nm at 16.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 10,605 tons

Complement:
1,489 - 1,936

Cost:
£8.157 million / $32.629 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 203 tons, 0.5 %
- Guns: 164 tons, 0.4 %
- Weapons: 39 tons, 0.1 %
Armour: 5,596 tons, 13.1 %
- Belts: 1,531 tons, 3.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,491 tons, 5.8 %
- Armament: 225 tons, 0.5 %
- Armour Deck: 1,086 tons, 2.5 %
- Conning Towers: 264 tons, 0.6 %
Machinery: 5,843 tons, 13.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 12,196 tons, 28.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,045 tons, 16.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 12,000 tons, 28.0 %
- On freeboard deck: 12,000 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
92,414 lbs / 41,918 Kg = 107.0 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 12.9 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.03
Metacentric height 5.2 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 18.2 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 75 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.04
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.50

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.477 / 0.491
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.00 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 32.14 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 13.12 ft / 4.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 25.00 %, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Forward deck: 25.00 %, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m, 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
- Average freeboard: 26.25 ft / 8.00 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 68.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 193.5 %
Waterplane Area: 58,251 Square feet or 5,412 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 143 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 137 lbs/sq ft or 669 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.20
- Overall: 1.00
Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space
Excellent accommodation and workspace room
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Thanas]

My honest advice is to stop trying to aim for a 120 planes carrier. It is just not worth the costs. And you could decrease the speed to 32 or 31 knots. That would save a lot of space.

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

Trying to create an Essex equivalent with 100 planes but utterly failing at it. The trouble is when one sets a long ship of approx. >250m, the tonnage starts hitting above 30,000tonnes.

Colosseum, Byzantium Cruiser laid down 1928

Displacement:
32,273 t light; 33,482 t standard; 38,852 t normal; 43,149 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(896.75 ft / 872.70 ft) x 91.86 ft x (32.81 / 35.47 ft)
(273.33 m / 266.00 m) x 28.00 m x (10.00 / 10.81 m)

Armament:
12 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 500 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1928 Model
6 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
84 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 2.14lbs / 0.97kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1928 Model
21 x Quad mounts on sides, evenly spread
64 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 39.0 cal guns - 0.23lbs / 0.11kg shells, 4,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1928 Model
16 x 4-gun mounts on sides, evenly spread
16 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm 12.0 cal guns - 0.05lbs / 0.02kg shells, 3,000 per gun
Machine guns in deck mounts, 1928 Model
16 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 907 lbs / 412 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 430.00 ft / 131.06 m 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 76 % of normal length
Main Belt inclined 19.00 degrees (positive = in)

- Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
4.00" / 102 mm 510.00 ft / 155.45 m 33.00 ft / 10.06 m
Beam between torpedo bulkheads 61.00 ft / 18.59 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
3rd: 0.50" / 13 mm 0.50" / 13 mm -
4th: 0.50" / 13 mm 0.50" / 13 mm -
5th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -

- Armoured deck - multiple decks:
For and Aft decks: 1.50" / 38 mm
Forecastle: 1.50" / 38 mm Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 4.00" / 102 mm, Aft 4.00" / 102 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 170,152 shp / 126,934 Kw = 33.00 kts
Range 15,000nm at 16.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 9,667 tons

Complement:
1,383 - 1,798

Cost:
£7.427 million / $29.708 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 199 tons, 0.5 %
- Guns: 193 tons, 0.5 %
- Weapons: 7 tons, 0.0 %
Armour: 5,902 tons, 15.2 %
- Belts: 1,346 tons, 3.5 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,491 tons, 6.4 %
- Armament: 290 tons, 0.7 %
- Armour Deck: 1,578 tons, 4.1 %
- Conning Towers: 198 tons, 0.5 %
Machinery: 5,297 tons, 13.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 10,874 tons, 28.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,579 tons, 16.9 %
Miscellaneous weights: 10,000 tons, 25.7 %
- On freeboard deck: 10,000 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
82,704 lbs / 37,514 Kg = 95.7 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 16.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.04
Metacentric height 4.7 ft / 1.4 m
Roll period: 17.7 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.05
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.37

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.517 / 0.531
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.50 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 33.78 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 52
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 30.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 25.00 %, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Forward deck: 25.00 %, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m, 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
- Average freeboard: 24.61 ft / 7.50 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 72.8 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 191.3 %
Waterplane Area: 56,442 Square feet or 5,244 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 143 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 130 lbs/sq ft or 634 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 1.00
- Longitudinal: 1.03
- Overall: 1.00
Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space
Excellent accommodation and workspace room
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Steve]

My two 1927 designs to be laid starting in Q2:

Excalibur, Cascadian Dreadnought laid down 1927

Displacement:
60,616 t light; 64,410 t standard; 69,451 t normal; 73,484 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(922.90 ft / 910.00 ft) x 121.00 ft x (35.50 / 37.22 ft)
(281.30 m / 277.37 m) x 36.88 m x (10.82 / 11.34 m)

Armament:
10 - 18.00" / 457 mm 45.0 cal guns - 3,900.00lbs / 1,769.01kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
2 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 raised mounts - superfiring
2 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
20 - 5.00" / 127 mm 43.0 cal guns - 61.05lbs / 27.69kg shells, 550 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1927 Model
20 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
10 raised mounts
40 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 40.0 cal guns - 1.87lbs / 0.85kg shells, 1,500 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
20 x 2 row twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
20 raised mounts
32 - 1.00" / 25.4 mm 50.0 cal guns - 0.53lbs / 0.24kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
8 x 4 row quad mounts on centreline, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 40,313 lbs / 18,286 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 417.00 ft / 127.10 m 19.00 ft / 5.79 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 70 % of normal length
Main Belt inclined 18.00 degrees (positive = in)

- Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
4.00" / 102 mm 417.00 ft / 127.10 m 31.00 ft / 9.45 m
Beam between torpedo bulkheads 92.00 ft / 28.04 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 20.0" / 508 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 18.0" / 457 mm
2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm
3rd: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
4th: 0.10" / 3 mm - -

- Armoured deck - single deck:
For and Aft decks: 8.00" / 203 mm
Forecastle: 2.00" / 51 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 16.00" / 406 mm, Aft 6.00" / 152 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric cruising motors plus geared drives, 4 shafts, 87,000 shp / 64,902 Kw = 24.04 kts
Range 10,000nm at 16.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 9,074 tons

Complement:
2,138 - 2,780

Cost:
£19.502 million / $78.009 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 4,905 tons, 7.1 %
- Guns: 4,905 tons, 7.1 %
Armour: 26,205 tons, 37.7 %
- Belts: 5,856 tons, 8.4 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 1,913 tons, 2.8 %
- Armament: 6,941 tons, 10.0 %
- Armour Deck: 10,694 tons, 15.4 %
- Conning Towers: 801 tons, 1.2 %
Machinery: 2,746 tons, 4.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 26,686 tons, 38.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8,835 tons, 12.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 75 tons, 0.1 %
- On freeboard deck: 75 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
117,181 lbs / 53,152 Kg = 40.2 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 23.1 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
Metacentric height 7.3 ft / 2.2 m
Roll period: 18.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.97
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and a round stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.622 / 0.628
Length to Beam Ratio: 7.52 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.17 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 38 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 57
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 33.20 ft / 10.12 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m, 20.00 ft / 6.10 m
- Average freeboard: 22.41 ft / 6.83 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 68.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 154.9 %
Waterplane Area: 82,188 Square feet or 7,636 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 118 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 256 lbs/sq ft or 1,251 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.99
- Longitudinal: 1.09
- Overall: 1.00
Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space
Excellent accommodation and workspace room
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

3 Scout Aircraft Included

I am adding two extra quarters for trials in my queue. My ruling only calls for 1 but I'm gonna take the extra quarter anyway as a bit of self-punishment for causing that debate to linger.

As for the other:

Seattle, Cascadian Cruiser laid down 1927

Displacement:
10,099 t light; 10,600 t standard; 11,980 t normal; 13,084 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(627.27 ft / 615.00 ft) x 65.00 ft x (20.00 / 21.36 ft)
(191.19 m / 187.45 m) x 19.81 m x (6.10 / 6.51 m)

Armament:
9 - 8.00" / 203 mm 55.0 cal guns - 280.01lbs / 127.01kg shells, 150 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
3 x Triple mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
8 - 5.00" / 127 mm 25.0 cal guns - 55.01lbs / 24.95kg shells, 200 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
8 x Single mounts on side ends, evenly spread
16 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 40.0 cal guns - 1.87lbs / 0.85kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
4 x 2 row quad mounts on sides, evenly spread
16 - 1.00" / 25.4 mm 50.0 cal guns - 0.53lbs / 0.24kg shells, 150 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
4 x 4 row quad mounts on side ends, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
Weight of broadside 2,999 lbs / 1,360 kg
Main Torpedoes
6 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m torpedoes - 1.567 t each, 9.405 t total
In 3 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
2nd Torpedoes
12 - 21.0" / 533 mm, 24.00 ft / 7.32 m torpedoes - 1.567 t each, 18.809 t total
In 1 sets of deck mounted reloads

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 4.50" / 114 mm 410.00 ft / 124.97 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length
Main Belt inclined 10.00 degrees (positive = in)

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 2.50" / 64 mm

- Armoured deck - multiple decks:
For and Aft decks: 2.00" / 51 mm
Forecastle: 1.00" / 25 mm Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 1.50" / 38 mm, Aft 0.50" / 13 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric cruising motors plus geared drives, 4 shafts, 87,466 shp / 65,249 Kw = 32.50 kts
Range 7,500nm at 16.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 2,483 tons

Complement:
572 - 744

Cost:
£3.780 million / $15.122 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 773 tons, 6.5 %
- Guns: 738 tons, 6.2 %
- Weapons: 35 tons, 0.3 %
Armour: 2,009 tons, 16.8 %
- Belts: 761 tons, 6.4 %
- Armament: 240 tons, 2.0 %
- Armour Deck: 985 tons, 8.2 %
- Conning Towers: 23 tons, 0.2 %
Machinery: 2,761 tons, 23.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,478 tons, 37.4 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,881 tons, 15.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 78 tons, 0.7 %
- On freeboard deck: 78 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
15,293 lbs / 6,937 Kg = 59.7 x 8.0 " / 203 mm shells or 1.5 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.22
Metacentric height 3.8 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 14.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.51
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.01

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
a normal bow and large transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.524 / 0.536
Length to Beam Ratio: 9.46 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 28.34 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 26.00 ft / 7.92 m, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 22.00 ft / 6.71 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Average freeboard: 19.72 ft / 6.01 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 170.9 %
Waterplane Area: 28,344 Square feet or 2,633 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 115 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 115 lbs/sq ft or 562 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.97
- Longitudinal: 1.29
- Overall: 1.00
Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
Excellent accommodation and workspace room

2 Scout Aircraft Included

Seattle is very much a design that takes the lessons of the Nez Perce to heart. It manages to be a few thousand tons lighter while retaining a similar speed profile and similar armament, though Nez Perce has generally superior protection and about 25% more range. However, Nez Perce was built to be a flag vessel, an "expeditionary cruiser" that would show the Cascadian Tricolor in situations that were insufficient or too delicate to be dealt with by full-fledged capital units. Seattle is meant to perform the roles of a patrol/scout cruiser, working as a fleet scout, leading destroyer squadrons, etc. Extra protection and range would have been a waste that would've made the vessel more expensive and requiring more materials.

(Note that Nez Perce was very much a lavishly-funded experiment for the Cascadian Navy; it built ten, allowing it to keep 3-5 at sea at all times and capable of conducting port calls or other prominent displays of the flag if called upon due to any sort of situation. It is entirely possible that it will end up a costly mistake of a procurement.)

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

Well Steve asked me to try to keep the block coefficient below 0.65 so here's the end result...

Heraclius, Byzantine Empire Battleship laid down 1927

Displacement:
60,919 t light; 65,092 t standard; 69,784 t normal; 73,537 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
(771.00 ft / 754.59 ft) x 134.51 ft x (37.89 / 39.56 ft)
(235.00 m / 230.00 m) x 41.00 m x (11.55 / 12.06 m)

Armament:
12 - 18.00" / 457 mm 45.0 cal guns - 3,900.00lbs / 1,769.01kg shells, 90 per gun
Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1927 Model
3 x 4-gun mounts on centreline ends, majority forward
1 raised mount - superfiring
20 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 500 per gun
Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1927 Model
10 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
4 raised mounts
40 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 56.0 cal guns - 2.12lbs / 0.96kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
10 x Quad mounts on side ends, majority aft
4 raised mounts - superfiring
40 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 70.0 cal guns - 0.26lbs / 0.12kg shells, 2,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
10 x Quad mounts on side ends, majority aft
16 - 0.50" / 12.7 mm 12.0 cal guns - 0.04lbs / 0.02kg shells, 4,000 per gun
Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1927 Model
16 x 4-gun mounts on centreline, aft deck forward
Weight of broadside 48,082 lbs / 21,810 kg

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 16.0" / 406 mm 411.00 ft / 125.27 m 17.00 ft / 5.18 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Main Belt covers 84 % of normal length
Main Belt inclined 19.00 degrees (positive = in)

- Torpedo Bulkhead - Additional damage containing bulkheads:
4.00" / 102 mm 420.00 ft / 128.02 m 38.00 ft / 11.58 m
Beam between torpedo bulkheads 94.00 ft / 28.65 m

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 26.0" / 660 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 19.0" / 483 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 3.00" / 76 mm
3rd: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
4th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
5th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -

- Armoured deck - multiple decks:
For and Aft decks: 8.00" / 203 mm
Forecastle: 3.50" / 89 mm Quarter deck: 5.00" / 127 mm

- Conning towers: Forward 16.00" / 406 mm, Aft 8.00" / 203 mm

Machinery:
Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
Electric motors, 4 shafts, 87,365 shp / 65,174 Kw = 24.00 kts
Range 12,000nm at 14.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 8,446 tons

Complement:
2,146 - 2,790

Cost:
£21.493 million / $85.971 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 6,882 tons, 9.9 %
- Guns: 6,882 tons, 9.9 %
Armour: 25,317 tons, 36.3 %
- Belts: 5,270 tons, 7.6 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 2,362 tons, 3.4 %
- Armament: 6,093 tons, 8.7 %
- Armour Deck: 10,715 tons, 15.4 %
- Conning Towers: 876 tons, 1.3 %
Machinery: 2,758 tons, 4.0 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 25,833 tons, 37.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8,865 tons, 12.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 130 tons, 0.2 %
- Hull above water: 30 tons
- On freeboard deck: 100 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
104,664 lbs / 47,475 Kg = 35.9 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 21.8 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
Metacentric height 10.3 ft / 3.1 m
Roll period: 17.6 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.70
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.21

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck,
an extended bulbous bow and small transom stern
Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.635 / 0.641
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.61 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 30.06 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 59
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 25.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
Fore end, Aft end
- Forecastle: 20.00 %, 31.17 ft / 9.50 m, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Forward deck: 30.00 %, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Aft deck: 35.00 %, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m, 19.69 ft / 6.00 m
- Average freeboard: 20.60 ft / 6.28 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 83.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 136.2 %
Waterplane Area: 78,670 Square feet or 7,309 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 288 lbs/sq ft or 1,407 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.95
- Longitudinal: 1.58
- Overall: 1.00
Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
Excellent accommodation and workspace room
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Thanas]

Well Steve asked me to try to keep the block coefficient below 0.65

[Steve]

I was informed by someone's who's naval geek mojo is impeccable that above .6 is abnormal and that .65 is the practical limit.

[Sea Skimmer]

Trying to create an Essex equivalent with 100 planes but utterly failing at it. The trouble is when one sets a long ship of approx. >250m, the tonnage starts hitting above 30,000tonnes.

Reducing the torpedo bulkhead to 1.5in would help. Also an Essex was overloaded as fuck with its maximum automatic weapons batteries, and had a very lightweight flight deck Springsharp could never wrap its head around, so you really shouldn’t be easily able to replicate the design You could only get 100 planes onboard with an almost all fighter air group as well. The design air group was 90 planes, 36 fighters, 36 dive bombers and 18 torpedo planes. The 100 plane configuration had around 75 fighters.

I was informed by someone's who's naval geek mojo is impeccable that above .6 is abnormal and that .65 is the practical limit.

BB49 South Dakota had .662. This is certainly not good for propulsive efficiency, but it does make for nice torpedo protection. Nothing stops you from going higher except the ever higher demands for more power to push the thing through the water.